2023年上半年英語六級語法知識:一般來說,當時代取代未來

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英語六級語法知識：一般來說，現在時代取代未來

　　在時間狀語從句和條件句中，從句通常用現在的時未來

　　When, while, before, after, till, once, as soon as, so long as, by the time, if, in case (that), unless, even if, whether, the moment, the minute, the day, the year, immediately

　　He is going to visit her aunt the day he arrives in Beijing. 他一到北京，就去看阿姨。

　　典型例題

　　(1)He said he________me a present unless I_______ in doing the experiment.

　　A. had not given; had not succeeded　　B. would not give; succeed

　　C. will not give; succeed　　　　　　 D. would not give; will succeed.

　　答案B. 未來一般不需要時間、條件或讓步主語從句。這個問題有He said，所以是過去式。主句用于未來，所以選擇B. 這里用一般的過去式代替過去和未來。

　　(2) 表示已安排的未來事項、行程等活動。

　　The museum opens at ten tomorrow.　博物館明天10點開門。(其實每天都是這樣。

英語六級語法知識

　　1) 一些動詞通常在現在的時代代：

　　hear, tell, learn, write , understand, forget, know, find , say,　remember.

　　I hear (= have heard) he will go to London.

　　I forget (=have forgotten) how old he is.

　　2) 句型 " It is … since…"代替"It has been … since …"

　　3) It is (= has been) five years since we last met.

英語六級語法知識:過去完成時

　　1) 概念：表達過去的過去

　　----|-------|-----|---->其構成是had 過去的分詞構成。

　　那時以前　 那時　現在

　　2) 用法

　　a.　在told, said, knew, heard, thought等待動詞后的賓語從句。

　　She said (that) she had never been to Paris.

　　b. 狀語從句

　　在過去不同時間發生的兩個動作中，先發生，用過去完成；發生在后面，通常用過去。

　　When the police arrived, the thieves had run away.

　　c. 表示意向的動詞，如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等等，用過去完成時表示"原本…，未能…"

　　We had hoped that you would come, but you didn't.

　　3)　過去完成時的時間狀語before, by, until , when, after, once, as soon as。

　　He said that he had learned some English before.

　　By the time he was twelve, Edison had began to make a living by himself.

　　Tom was disappointed that most of the guests had left when he arrived at the party.

　　典型例題

　　The students ___ busily when Miss Brown went to get a book she ___ in the office.

　　A. had written, left　B，were writing, has left　 C. had written, had left　D. were writing, had left

　　答案D. "把書忘在辦公室里"發生在"去取書"所以在這個過去的動作之前"忘了書"這個動作發生在過去，用過去完成。句中when它表示一點時間，表示在"學生們很忙……"在這種背景下，when引導的動作發生了。因此

　　前一句應用于過去。

　　注意：　had no … when　　　　　還沒等…… 就……

　　had no sooner… than　　剛…… 就……

　　He had no sooner bought the car than he sold it.

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