2023年6月大學英語六級閱讀長難句分析(9

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2023年6月，大學英語六級閱讀長難句分析(9)

　　1. In terms of our capacity to sample the relevant universes, however, and the probability that our images of these universes are at least approximately correct, one suspects that a reverse order is more reasonable. (1995. 閱讀. 1. Text 3)

　　然而，從我們在這些領域提取樣本的能力來看，我們對這些領域的印象至少是正確的，所以我們可以假設相反的順序更合理。

　　主句是one suspects that賓語從句，in terms of是介詞短語，our capacity to sample...and the probability...是in terms ofd并列賓語。capacity后to sample the relevant universes而且the probability后that our images of these universes are...correct是定語從句。注意，universes這就是領域的意思。

　　2. Even the folk knowledge in social systems on which ordinary life is based in earning, spending, organizing, marrying, taking part in political activities, fighting and so on, is not very dissimilar from the more sophisticated images of the social system derived from the social sciences, even though it is built upon the very imperfect samples of personal experience. (1995. 閱讀. 1. Text 3)

　　翻譯即使社會體系作為收入、消費、組織活動、婚姻、參與政治活動、戰斗等日常行為的基本民間知識，也與社會科學生成的更復雜、更精確的社會體系圖像非常相似，即使社會體系的基礎是有缺陷的個人經驗。

　　復合句，主句為Even the folk knowledge in social systems is not very dissimilar from the more sophisticated images of the social system...,even在主句中作副詞，主句主語the folk knowledge in social systems后有which引導定語從句，先行詞on因此，在句子中定義賓語on放在which的前面。最后，主句后面是even though讓步狀語從句引導。

　　3. Our image of the astronomical universe is the least secure of all simplybecause we observe such a fantastically small sample of it and its record-keeping is trivial as compared with the rich records of the social systems, or even the limited records of biological systems. (1995. 閱讀. 1. Text 3)

　　翻譯我們對天文學領域的印象是三個領域中最不穩定的。這只是因為我們只看到了很少但美妙的案例。與社會制度豐富甚至生活制度有限的記錄相比，天文學領域的記錄確實微不足道。

　　【分句】主句Our image of the astronomical universe is the least secure of all,because狀語從句引導原因。從句包含兩個并列句，即we observe such a fantastically small sample of it,和its record-keeping is trivial as compared with..., 它包含短語as compared with, 意思是“與...相比”。

2023年6月，大學英語六級閱讀長難句分析(10)

　　1. Conflict, defined as opposition among social entities directed against one another is distinguished from competition, defined as opposition among social entities independently striving for something which is in inadequate supply. (1996. 閱讀. 1. Text 2)

　　沖突的定義是社會實體與另一個實體之間的對抗，而競爭的定義是不同社會實體之間缺乏資源的獨立競爭。兩者的性質完全不同。

　　主句是Conflict is distinguished from competition,主語conflict后，defined as oppostion among social entities directed against one another定語過去的分詞，相當于which is defined as..。同樣，介詞賓語competition后面也有相同的結構，使句子前后對稱。同樣，介詞賓語competition后面也有相同的結構，使句子前后對稱。后一句，social entities后又有striving for some thing現在分詞作定語修飾social entities,而something后是which定語從句引導。

　　2. While it is true that this competition may induce efforts to expand territory at the expense of others, and thus lead to conflict, it cannot be said that war-like conflict among nations is inevitable, although competition is. (1996. 閱讀. 1. Text 2)

　　翻譯這種競爭可能真的會導致國家試圖占領其他國家來擴大自己的領土，然后發生沖突，但即使國家之間的競爭是不可避免的，也不能說類似戰爭的沖突也是不可避免的。

　　復合句。首先是while與主句意義相反的句子，while it is true that this competition may induce efforts to expand...and thus lead to conflict,it is true that從句中，it形式主語，真正的主語在后面that主語從句引導。句子中的主句也是如此it作為形式主語，真正的主語是后面的that從句，而that主句為從句war-like conflict is inevitable，后面是although讓步狀語從句引導。

　　3. Having evolved when the pace of life was slower, the human brain has an inherent defect that prevents it from absorbing several streams of information simultaneously and acting on them quickly. (1996. 閱讀. 1. Text3)

　　翻譯人腦在生活節奏較慢的過去已經進化，因此人腦內部存在缺陷，使其無法同時理解多個信息流，并迅速采取行動。

　　復合句。主句是the human brain has an inherent defect,defect然后是定語從句that prevents it from absorbing...and acting..。主句前，having evolved...現在分詞是原因狀語，句子包含時間主語從句when the pace of life was slower表明having evolved的時間。

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