2014高考英語單項填空解題技巧：句子結構還原法

祝福網高考頻道在考試后及時公布各科高考試題答案和高考作文及試卷專家點評，請廣大考生家長關注。時光飛逝，暑假過去了，新學期開始了，不管情愿與否，無論準備與否，我們已走進高三，走近我們的夢!祝愿決戰2014高考的新高三學員能倍加努力，在2014年高考中也能取得優異的成績。

高考單項填空題所考察的語言知識點多，覆蓋面廣，且突出語境化因素，旨在考查考生記憶、理解、掌握中學階段所學基礎語法、基本詞匯以及習語的熟練程度和靈活運用語言的能力。考生除了必須具備扎實的基礎外，還要有科學的解題方法。

句子結構還原法

英語中的許多句子會以各種結構出現，如倒裝句，強調句等。試題還常以變化句型的方式來增加語境和句子結構的復雜性。因此考生平時就留意它們的特征，透過復雜的語言環境，結合語法分析看透題目的意圖。正確的方法有：

1)將疑問句、感嘆句還原為陳述句

(1) What great difficulty we had_____ her!

A. persuade B. to persuade C. persuading D. persuaded

分析：C。易選D。此句考查感嘆句式。可先將此句還原為陳述句式：We had great difficulty______ her.由have difficulty(in) doing sth.知C項符合條件。

(2) Is this the reason _______ at the meeting for his carelessness in his work?(2002上海春招)

A. he explained B. what he explained C. how he explained D. why he explained

分析：A。易選D，考生依據常見搭配the reason why;處理此題首先應該將句子還原為正常語序，即：this is the reason_____ at the meeting ...。he explained前省略了一個that，that引導的是一個定語從句。

(3) Who would you rather have________the report instead of you?

A. to write B. write C. writing D. written

2)將倒裝句、強調句還原為正常語序

(3) Mary thought that it was______ that Jane did her to lend her the beautiful car.

A. possible B. kind C. necessary D. a favor

分析：D。句中的賓語從句是一個強調句式。將其轉換為非強調句式: Mary thought that Jane did her______ to lend her the beautiful car. do sb a favor是習慣搭配,意為“幫某人一個忙”,由此可以確定D為正確答案?

(4)______ you eat the correct foods ______ be able to keep fit and stay healthy. (2008江蘇卷)

A. only if; will you B. Only if; you will C. Unless; will you D. Unless; you will

分析：A。本題考查倒裝句式。先將其轉換為正常語序：You will be able to keep fit

and stay healthy only if you eat the correct foods.由于是對主句進行倒裝，所以選A。

3)將省略句還原為完整句

省略句可用于簡單句及復合句，它的使用雖然能使句子更加簡潔，但有時使人理解困難。在近年來的高考題中已多次出現省略句的考點。條件狀語從句、時間狀語從句等常用省略形式。解題時應根據語境邏輯需要將被省略的內容補齊，從而達到正確理解的目的。

(1)—Have you known Dr. Jackson for a long time?

—Yes, since she ______ the Chinese Society. (全國I卷)

A. has joined B. joins C. had joined D. joined

分析：D。該題考查since時間狀語從句中的動詞時態。將第二句補充完整為：Yes, I have known since she _____ the Chinese Society.主句為現在完成時，since的從句常用一般過去時。

(2) One of the sides of the board should be painted yellow, and __________.(2000春季招生)

A. the other is white B. another white C. the other white D. another is white

分析：C。易選A或D兩項。C項補充完整應是the other should be painted white。A項中少了painted，B及D項中不能用another，因為木板只有兩面，兩面中的另一面只能用the other。

(3) When first _______ to the market, these products enjoyed great success. (2004全國Ⅱ卷)

A. introducing B. introduced C. introduce D. being introduced

分析：B。將從句補充完整應為：When they were first introduced to the market。D項為進行時的被動語態，表示正在進行，與題意不符。

(4)---What should I do with this passage?

----_________the main idea of each paragraph.

A. Find out B. Finding out C. To find out D. Having find out

(5)-----What made her so sad?

-----_____________.

A. She lost her money B. Losing her money C. She had lost her money D. Because she lost her money

(6)Many volunteers are taking part in the construction of the library, which, when _________,will open to the public.

A. to be finished B. finished C. finishing D. having been finished

4)將冗長題干還原為簡單題干

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