2023年北京高考英語真題及答案(清晰版)

C. do anything successfully with given orders

D. beat humans in international chess matches

69.According to some researchers, we can use firewalls to .

A. help super intelligent machines work better

B. be secure against evil human beings

C. keep machines from being harmed

D. avoid robots’ affecting the world

70.What does the author think of the safety problem of super intelligent machines?

A. It will disappear with the development of AI.

B. It will get worse with human interference.

C. It will be solved but with difficulty.

第二節 (共 5 小題;每小題 2 分，共 10 分)

根據短文內容，從短文后的七個選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。

Every animal sleeps,but the reason for this has remained foggy.When lab rats are not allowed to sleep,they die within a month. 71

One idea is that sleep helps us strengthen new memories. 72 We know that,while awake,fresh memories are recorded by reinforeing (加強)connections between brain cells,but the memory processes that take place while we sleep have been unclear.

Support is growing for a theory that sleep evolved so that connections between neurons(神經元)in the brain can be weakened overnight,making room for fresh memories to from the next day. 73

Now we have the most direct evidence yet that he is right. 74 The synapses in the mice taken at the end of a period of sleep were 18 per cent smaller than those taken before sleep,showing that the connections between neurons weaken while sleeping.

If Tononi`s theory is right,it would explain why,when we miss a night`s,we find it harder the next day to concentrate and learn new information-our brains may have smaller room for new experences.

Their research also suggests how we may build lasting memories over time even though the synapscs become thinner.The team discovered that some synapses seem to be protected and stayed the same size. 75 “You keep what matters,”Tononi says.

A. We should also try to sleep well the night before.

B. Ti’s as if the brain is preserving its most important memories.

C. Similarly, when people go for a few days without sleeping, they get sick.

D. The processes take place to stop our brains becoming loaded with memories.

E. That’s why students do better in tests if they get a chance to sleep after learning.

F. “Sleep is the price we pay for learning,” says Giulio Tononi, who developed the idea.

G. Tononi’s team measured the size of these connections, or synapses, in the brains of 12 mice.

第四部分：書面表達(共兩節，35 分)

第一節 (15分)

你的英國朋友Jim所在的學校要組織學生來中國旅行，有兩條線路可以選擇：“長江之行”或者“泰山之旅”。Jim來信希望你能給些建議。請你給他回信，內容包括：

1.你建議的線路;

2.你的理由;

3.你的祝愿。

注意：1.詞數不少于50;

2.開頭和結尾已給出，不計入總詞數。

Dear Jim,

Yours,

Li Hua

第二節 (20 分)

假設你是紅星中學高三學生李華，請根據以下四幅圖的先后順序，寫一篇英文周記，記錄畢業前夕你們制作以“感恩母校”為主題的畢業紀念視頻的全過程。注意：詞數不少于60。提示詞：視頻video

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