2023年6月英語六級沖刺試卷(一)

So could morns be good role models for their children by having more positive connections with their friends? Unfortunately, no.The study's lead author Gary Glick, a doctoral candidate in psychological sciences at the University of Missouri, says the team did not find a strong link between mothers' positive friendship qualities and those of their teens."Maybe," Glick says, "kids are more likely to notice adults screaming at each other."

The fact that adolescents' friendships mimic those of a parent, is not surprising, given that development is about learning and imitating behaviors."Adolescents," says clinical psychologist Joshua Klapow, "are in the midst of forming their internal templates for social norms and therefore parental role models are critical.

In fact, watching adolescents interact with their peers often is a mirror of how parents interact with their own peers." But the fact that the mothers' positive friendships did not seem to filter down to their children's own relationships could simply be the result of the artificial way the relationships were defined in the study.Dr.Gayani DeSilva, a child and adolescent psychiatrist at St.Joseph's Hospital in Orange, CA, notes that

friendships are often a complicated mix of positive and negative interactions.The study authors, he says,

"The more helpful and developmentally appropriate perspective would be to examine how teens are influenced by parental conflict resolution patterns within their friendships."

In fact, Carleton Kendrick, a family therapist and author of " Take Out Your Nose Ring, Honey.

We're Going to Grandma's, " says he has observed the opposite effect over 40 years of working with families.

Kendrick says that the study, which is "a snapshot in time," does not consider enough variables in the teens' and parents' lives and that it does not adequately examine other possible reactions that adolescents might have to their mothers' problems with friends."Over and over I have heard kids of all ages tell me privately, in confidence," Kendrick says, "that they are seriously worried about their parents on many levels." And conflicts with family and friends were among these worries.

Such internalizing of their parents' conflicts could have more profound implications for adolescents beyond just the types of interactions they have with their own friends.In the study, mothers with high levels of negativity in their friendships were also likelier to have kids who were more anxious and depressed than those with more positive interactions with their friends.And this, says Glick, was independent of whether the mothers were anxious and depressed themselves.

However children are interpreting and responding to their parents' choices when it comes to friend- ships, the study suggests that these decisions could have a greater effect on understanding teen friendships and fostering them in a healthy way than previously thought.

The research led by Gary Glick __

A.proves that children mimic parents' behavior, good or bad

B.is a new area of research that has never been dealt with before

C.received less support from fathers than from mothers

D.used questionnaires about interviewees' negative friendship qualities

63、 What is the finding of the research led by Gary Glick,9

A.Mothers' friendships with their kids influence their adolescent children's relationships with pals.

B.Friendships are often a complicated mix of positive and negative interactions.

C.Mothers with positive friendships Can serve as role models for their adolescents.

D.Bad examples of mothers have more influence on their children than good ones.

64、 What can be inferred from Paragraph 3?

A.How to define basic concepts may have affected the results of the research.

B.Developments about studies of imitating behavior strengthen Glick's research result.

C.Studying influences of parental conflict resolution patterns will get optimum results.

D.Parents are critical to their children's social and emotional adjustment.

65、 What does Kendrick mean by saying the study is "a snapshot",9

A.The study has been completed quickly with room to improve.

B.The study is based on an isolated observation.

C.The study focused on too few people to draw firm conclusions.

D.The study is based on rough estimates and might not be very accurate.

66、 If mothers have negative experiences with their friends,

A.they are more likely to be anxious and depressed themselves

B.they are more likely to end up in incompatible friendships with their kids

C.their kids tend to exhibit more anxiety and depression

D.their kids tend to be worried about their parents

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