2023年6月英語六級沖刺試卷(一)

J) Some companies are experimenting with curbing the use of technologies that have blurred the lines between home and office. Volkswagen, the German carmaker, prevents emails being issued from 30 minutes after the end of an employee's shift until the server is switched on the next day, issuing emails again half an hour before the new working day begins. Daimler recently announced that employees can opt to have any emails they receive while they are on holiday automatically deleted.

K) Dr. Michel believes that even bankers can curb long hours if their employers give feedback on skills and abilities that decline with overwork, such as judgment and creativity. "Many firms interview clients in formally about the creativity of a team's solutions. This information is passed along to employees on a weekly basis and allows them to witness first-hand the correlation between overwork and the dimensions that are critical to high performance. " Such feedback, she says, is more effective than merely telling people what can happen when they work too much or rules about not working on weekends.

L) Almuth McDowall, an occupational psychologist who specialises in work-life balance, says it is possible to change a culture. She has worked with some British tech companies that peg(掛鉤)bonuses to sensible hours. If a developer achieves his or her goal within prescribed hours, they are rewarded financially but not if they work excessively.

M) She believes that we are not good at recognising "what good work looks like...working long hours has become a proxy for good performance". Some banks have attempted to curb the long hours for junior employees by doing more than giving clear days off. They are also engaging the juniors with meaningful work to display their ability, so they do not feel they can only prove their worth by slogging away untildawn. Moreover, tasks need to be realistic and allocated coherently. "We need to see duty of care aspart of the role of manager," says Ms McDowall. "And sensible hours needs to be championed by middie managers as well as senior leaders. "

N) Don Serratt, who left banking to start a company treating behavioural health problems, says blanket policies do not work. "It has to start with the individual. Some people have more stamina(耐力)and get energy from working more than others. Others continue to work hard in spite of the negative consequences. " The warning signs, he says, are if you are neglecting your health, missing your childrengrowing up or ignoring your partner.

O) Google's long-term study of working cultures has revealed that some people are better equipped than others to leave the office behind at the end of the working day. Laszlo Bock, who heads the tech company's people operations division, describes two types of working personality: "segmentors", a minority who are able to draw a psychological line between work stress and home, and "integrators", for whom work lurks constantly in their heads, leading them to check their emails constantly. As Mr. Serratt acknowledges: ultimately, knowing when to call it a day comes down to self-awareness.

A research shows that thosae working more hours in the office are considered more reliable and dedicated.

48、 A work-life balance is hard to achieve for consultants mainly due to the unpredictability of client demands.

49、 According to a job site offering company reviews, BCG has a reputation for long working hours despite its efforts to change.

50、 A psychologist said it was possible to change a culture by linking employees' bonuses to their working time.

51、 Mr. Freeland said PTO made teams handle things in order of importance or urgency and thus work more efficiently.

52、 According to the chief executive of an organisational-culture consulting firm, young people are favored in the technology industry.

53、 Consultancy isn't the only sector that has a sense of pride over working long hours.

54、 Some companies are testing rules to protect employees from work email disturbing them outside office hours.

55、 The reason why many gifted consultants resigned from Boston Consulting Group is that they are exhausted as a result of long working days.

56、 There is no "one size fits all" approach that works for everyone to have a balanced life.

Section C Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D ). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.

57、Questions 57-66are based on the following passage.

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