2023年6月英語六級沖刺試卷(一)

A.arranged

B.challenge

C.diacomforts

D.frequently

E.function

F.identified

G.reassuring

H.referred

I.regular

J.relieving

K.routines

L.set

M.Specifically

N.suffering

O.Sufficient

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　　Section B Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.

47、47-56Strategies for calling it a day

A) Grant Freeland began to worry about the amount of hours he put in at work when a number of talented consultants in his Boston office left. They were burnt out and desperate to have a life outside work. Serendipitously( 偶然地), he was contacted by Leslie Perlow, professor of leadership in organisational behaviour at Harvard Business School. She had a question that he too wanted answering: could consultants, at the beck and call of(唯命是從) clients' demands, ever have anything approaching a work-life balance?

B) For a year she studied his team at Boston Consulting Group and came back with the verdict that the biggest problem was a lack of predictability." People could never make a plan because of client demands," recalls Mr. Freeland. So they came up with a scheme called "predictable time off", or PTO.

It gave employees an evening or a day between Mondays and Thursdays when they would not be contacted and could switch off the phone and email. "Most efforts fail if we aim for work-life balance as it's superficial unless you change how work is done", says Mr. Freeland, senior partner, today responsible for BCG's people and organisation practice. It was a tricky sell, he reflects. "Some thought long hours were a rite of passage; others didn't think we needed PTO. "

C) The most important aspect of the initiative, which was rolled out from 2023, was that it made people talk and plan. "It forced teams to prioritise. We found that teams that had predictable time off worked fewer hours overall and worked smarter. It had forced them to discuss behavioural norms," he says. "If you promote people who work 20 hours a day, then people think to get a promotion you need to work 20hours. "

D) Among those teams that adopt PTO, the retention rate has increased, he insists. On average he thinks he works 60 hours a week. However, if doing due diligence on a company, "all bets are off", he says :people have to put the hours in.

E) Despite BCG's ambitions to change working practices, the most common complaints on Glassdoor, a website that allows former employees to post reviews of companies and jobs, is long hours. As one reviewer writes: "There is a powerfully-entrenched long-hours culture...PTO sessions really just turn into grumbling sessions that don't change expectations. "

F) Yet BCG is at least trying to tackle the issue, unusual in a sector that assigns great social importance to long hours. Consultancy is far from unique : many bankers, lawyers and medics see excessive hours as a badge of honour. Alexandra Michel, a banker turned academic, found that even when bankers moved to other sectors for a better work-life balance, they had internalised banking's ethos to such an extent that they increased the working day for their new colleagues.

G) In the technology industry, coders work around the clock. Moreover, the industry's bias towards youth, says Jim Hart, chief executive of Senn Delaney, an organisational-culture consulting firm, "encourages people to think they can work hard while they are fit and young, and make money".

H) While there is evidence that overworking hampers productivity--for example, a Stanford University study that showed that those doing 60-hour weeks produced less high-quality code than those doing 40 hours--there is also research by the Graduate School of Management, University of California, Davis, that shows the more one is seen at the office, the more others perceive you as "dependable" and "committed".

I) A recent report by Oxford university identified the emergence of a new "super" working class of wealthy professionals who ratchet up(逐漸升高) hours in the office. The study says the best-educated used to work much shorter hours, yet by the start of the 21st century they were working the longest hours. 精品小說推薦： 昔日落魄少年被逐出家族，福禍相依得神秘老者相助，從此人生路上一片青雲！ 我行我瀟灑，彰顯我性格！ 彆罵小爺拽，媳婦多了用車載！ 妹紙一聲好歐巴，轉手就是摸摸大！ “不要嘛！” 完整內容請點擊辣手仙醫

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